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Bio-electrode Therapy (BeT) bridges ancient empirical theory of meridians with the physics of living tissue Part 1 The human body is not an electronic device; it is a three-dimensional biological volume conductor. Our tissues are saturated with water and dissolved electrolytes, allowing electrical currents to flow through them. However, this flow is not uniform. The body exhibits different tissues having very different levels of electrical impedance (resistance). Because curr

"Addiction Rare in Patients Treated with Narcotics" is the title of a letter to the editor published in The New England Journal of Medicine in 1980. Having examined records of patients treated with narcotics in a hospital setting, the authors concluded that this rarely led to addiction in patients with no history of addiction. This letter was later repeatedly misrepresented to support the idea that opioids are not addictive when prescribed for use at home. This misrepresentat

Bayer's role in the opioid story dates back to the origins of synthetic opioid manufacturing. In 1897, chemist Felix Hoffmann, working under Heinrich Dreser at Bayer's pharmacological laboratory, synthesized heroin while attempting to produce codeine. Hoffmann developed both heroin and aspirin within roughly the same two-week period that year. By 1898, Bayer began commercially selling heroin as a pain reliever and cough suppressant, marketing it as a safer and more effective